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Bird's Opening (or the Dutch Attack) is a chess opening characterised by the move: :1. f4 Bird's is a standard but never popular flank opening. White's strategic ideas involve control of the e5-square without occupying it, but his first move is also non-developing and slightly weakens his kingside. Black may challenge White's plan to control e5 immediately by playing From's Gambit (1...e5!?). However, the From's Gambit is notoriously double edged and should only be played after significant study. The Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings assigns two codes for Bird's Opening: A02 (1.f4) and A03 (1.f4 d5). ==History== The opening was mentioned by Luis Ramírez de Lucena in his book ''Repetición de Amores y Arte de Ajedrez con Cien Juegos de Partido'', published ''circa'' 1497. In the mid-nineteenth century the opening was sometimes played by La Bourdonnais and Elijah Williams, among others. The British master Henry Edward Bird first played it in 1855 and continued to do so for the next 40 years.〔"Having forgotten familiar openings, I commenced adopting KBP for first move, and finding it led to highly interesting games out of the usual groove, I became partial to it." —Henry Bird (1873, entering match play after a six year absence from chess); Hooper and Whyld (1987), p. 32.〕 In 1885, the ''Hereford Times'' named it after him.〔Hooper and Whyld (1992), p. 40.〕 In the first half of the 20th century Aron Nimzowitsch and Savielly Tartakower sometimes played 1.f4.〔de Firmian (2008), p. 732.〕 In more recent decades, Grandmasters who have used the Bird's with any regularity include Bent Larsen, Andrew Soltis, Lars Karlsson, Mikhail Gurevich, and Henrik Danielsen. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bird's Opening」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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